Cross-Browser Testing with Selenium

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Posted September 9, 2022

Cross-Browser Testing with Selenium

Cross-browser testing is critical for ensuring that package ontogeny team provide their customers with flawless user experiences through cross-browser compatibility.

What Is Cross-Browser Testing?

Cross-browser testingis a case of functional testing expend to assure that web sites and web applications are compatible with various browsers. Cross-browser testing ensures that a site works as expected across popular browsers, countenance more people to admittance and use it regardless of their device, go system, or resolve.

Some of the dispute discovered in different browsers include image orientation, user input placement and proof, JavaScript implementation, font size, and page alignment. In addition, some browsers are incompatible with certain go systems. Cross-browser testing allows software testers to recognize and address such topic, thereby meliorate the user experience.

Getting depart with cross-browser examination, peculiarly yield the assorted browsers, function systems, and device combinations that you ’ ll demand to test. While there are cloud-based cross-browser testing platforms, you can use Selenium and Python to create an internal testing grid. Continue read to learn how to perform cross-browser testing with Selenium and Python.

What Is Selenium?

Seleniumis a free open source software tool for automated cross-browser examination. It can validate the interoperability of websites and web applications across many platforms and browsers. You can make exam scripts using Selenium with a single interface and a programming words like C #, Python, Node, or Java.

Why Use Selenium for Cross-Browser Testing?

Selenium is a well-known framework for automated cross-browser testing. By automating web app tests with Selenium, developer can test web apps across different operate scheme and browser configurations. This ensures that every user has the same experience, irrespective of their OS or browser edition. When using Selenium for cross-browser examination, you can automate your exam and guide reward of a wide range of tools and possibleness. Due to its adaptability, it can simulate various examination scenarios and use cases.

Selenium is also a good alternative for cross-browser testing because it comes as a software suite with different options, including:

Selenium WebDriver, which is a set of browser-operating bindings for various words. It volunteer an interface where many methods can be announce and applied to end-to-end testing.
Selenium IDE, which is an add-on that create it easy to record and replay script interactions with browsers.
Selenium Grid, which is a software plan rooms contrive to run many trial cases against a wide orbit of browsers, operating systems, and hardware simultaneously. This help testing and scales up test suites as they expand.

Benefits of Cross-Browser Testing

HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are rendered differently on websites and apps despite the fact that browser marketer postdate Open Web Standards. For illustration, Safari uses WebKit, whereas Firefox utilize Gecko and Chrome and Microsoft Edge uses Blink. As a result, many browsers display the same situation differently.

Prior to the introduction of a production, web developer and examiner are responsible for abstracting browser differences through cross-browser testing. Cross-browser prove enable the speedy identification of browser-specific repugnance issues. It makes sure that a substantial subdivision of your application & # x27; s hearing won & # x27; t be alienated because of their operating system or browser.

Other benefits of cross-browser testing include:

It ensures concurrent test execution results, which aids scalability.
It ensures that trouble are discovered and fixed sooner, saving clip and money.
When execute mechanically, cross-browser test broaden the exam reportage provided by concurrent executing across a variety of browsers, devices, and operating scheme.
It amend the consumer experience by ensuring eubstance in usability – regardless of their operating system and browser combination.

SUSA automates exploratory testing with persona-driven behavior, catching bugs that scripted automation misses.

Automated vs. Manual Cross-Browser Testing with Selenium

To begin cross-browser examination, decide how much of the operation will be automated and how much will be done manually. A human tester performs manual cross-browser screen on websites and mobile application without the assistance of machine-controlled tools or scripts. This allows manual examiner to study aspects of the software that test hand frequently overlook, such as design, usability, and feel. One disadvantage of manual cross-browser testing is that it lead a long time due to the amount of manual labor involved.

In contrast to manual testing, automated cross-browser examination is flying and more hard-nosed because test playscript are created and run automatically utilize technologies like Selenium, which compares the outcomes to what was look. As a resultant, teams can ship code more rapidly and abridge their release cycles. In this situation, we & # x27; ll concentrate on utilizing Python and Selenium to perform machine-controlled cross-browser testing.

Getting Started with Cross-Browser Testing Using Selenium and Python

We ’ ll show you how to perform cross-browser testing in two stage:

Writing the test script utilise Python code.
Running the tests on Sauce Labs.

Writing the Test Script Using Python Code

In order to write the Python test script, you must meet certain prerequisite. This includes instal the following:

Python 3: Download and set upPython 3on your operating scheme.
A code editor: Install a code editor on your computer (ideallyVisual Studio).
Selenium ’ s WebDriver for Python: Run pip3 install selenium in your terminal to install the Selenium WebDriver.

A browser driver proxy: Install themost recent browser driverthat works with your OS and browser version. You can either hard codification the location of the browser driver or set up the environment path using driver management software. For the design of this tutorial, we ’ ll importation it straight from the WebDriver, as demonstrated below:

1
from selenium significance webdriver
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from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service meaning Service as ChromeService
3
from selenium.webdriver.edge.service import Service as EdgeService
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from selenium.webdriver.firefox.service meaning Service as FirefoxService
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from selenium.webdriver.ie.service import Service as IEService
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from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
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from webdriver_manager.firefox import GeckoDriverManager
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from webdriver_manager.microsoft import EdgeChromiumDriverManager
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from webdriver_manager.microsoft importation IEDriverManager

Now, you can perform cross-browser testing with Python code.

Create a file called “ test.py ” on your pet IDE, then paste the following codification to test different browsers (like Firefox, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Safari, and Microsoft Edge):

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from selenium import webdriver
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from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
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import unittest
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classSeleniumCrossBrowserTest(unittest.TestCase):
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defsetUp(self):
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& # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
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Start the Selenium WebDriver in a browser of your choice.
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We use Chrome here but you can supplant Chrome with one of the former options.
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& # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
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# self.driver = webdriver.Safari ()
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# self.driver = webdriver.Edge ()
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# self.driver = webdriver.Firefox ()
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       self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
15
16
deftearDown(self):
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& # x27; & # x27; & # x27; Quit the browser session once you are finished & # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
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       self.driver.quit()
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deftest_sauce_labs(self):
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& # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
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The setUp function initializes the right practical machine browser on Sauce Labs
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Tests for a [text ()] elements within the Sauce Labs & # x27; Homepage Platforms and Pricing
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& # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
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       self.browser.get(& quot; https: //www.saucelabs.com & quot;)
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       element = self.browser.find_element(By.XPATH,& # x27; //a [textbook () = & quot; Platform & quot;] & # x27;)
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       self.assertTrue(element.is_displayed())
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       element.click()
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pricing_link= self.browser.find_element(By.XPATH,& # x27; //a [text () = & quot; Pricing & quot;] & # x27;)
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       self.assertTrue(pricing_link.is_displayed())
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if __name__ ==& # x27; __main__ & # x27;:
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   unittest.main(verbosity=2)

II. Running Tests on Sauce Labs

Once you have your test book coded as above, you require to replace your environment variable with real Sauce Labs credentials (a username and secret key). First, sign up for aSauce Labs accountif you don ’ t already have one.

Next, get your username and access key. You will use this access key in combination with your username to interact with Sauce Labs.

Then, assign the environment credentials within the code:

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 Username ==os.surround.get(& # x27; SAUCE_USERNAME & # x27;,None)# your sauce laboratory username
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Access_key= os.surround(& # x27; SAUCE_ACCESS_KEY & # x27;,None)# your sauce labs hush-hush key
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 URL=& quot; http: // {}: {} @ ondemand.saucelabs.com:80/wd/hub & quot;.format(
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sauce_username,
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            sauce_key
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)

Now the exam look like this:

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from selenium import webdriver
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from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
3
import unittest
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import os
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classSauceCrossBrowserTest(unittest.TestCase):
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defsetUp(self):
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& # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
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Start the Selenium WebDriver as a RemoteDriver connecting to Sauce Labs.
9
& # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
10
       username = os.environ.get(& # x27; SAUCE_USERNAME & # x27;)
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access_key= os.environ.get(& # x27; SAUCE_ACCESS_KEY & # x27;)
12
13
       caps = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
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sauce_caps={
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& quot; browserName & quot;:& quot; Chrome & quot;,
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& quot; browserVersion & quot;:& quot; late & quot;,
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& quot; platformName & quot;:& quot; Windows 10 & quot;
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}
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       caps.set_capability(& # x27; sauce: options & # x27;,sauce_caps)
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       sauce_url =& quot; https: // {}: {} @ ondemand.us-west-1.saucelabs.com/wd/hub/ & quot;.format(username,access_key)
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       self.driver = webdriver.Remote(
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command_executor=sauce_url,
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           options=caps
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)
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deftearDown(self):
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& # x27; & # x27; & # x27; Quit the browser session once you are finished & # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
30
       self.driver.quit()
31
32
deftest_sauce_labs(self):
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& # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
34
The frame-up function initializes the correct practical machine browsers on Sauce Labs
35
Tests for a [text ()] elements within the Sauce Labs & # x27; Homepage Platforms and Pricing
36
& # x27; & # x27; & # x27;
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       self.driver.get(& quot; https: //www.saucelabs.com & quot;)
38
       element = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,& # x27; //a [text () = & quot; Platform & quot;] & # x27;)
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       self.assertTrue(element.is_displayed())
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       element.click()
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pricing_link= self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,& # x27; //a [schoolbook () = & quot; Pricing & quot;] & # x27;)
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       self.assertTrue(pricing_link.is_displayed())
43
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if __name__ ==& # x27; __main__ & # x27;:
45
   unittest.main(verbosity=2)

Now, it ’ s clip to run the test. To do so, run the undermentioned Python codification file in the end:

python test.py

To view the results of your cross-browser testing, simply log backward in to your Sauce Labs account and navigate to the.

Getting Started with Selenium Cross-Browser Testing on Sauce Labs

In this article, we discusscross-browser testingand explain how to automatise it with Python and Selenium. Cross-browser testing with Selenium ensures that your web application is compatible with all major browsers and that it furnish a consistent exploiter experience.

Due to the growing number of web browsers and sophisticated cloud coating, organizations take a more advanced cloud-based testing platform with increased processing capacity. The Sauce Labs platform ply more automation, greater test coverage, and overall coating efficiency. It enables Selenium-based web covering and cross-browser testing via the Sauce Labs cloud solution. For more info, you can insure out our comprehensive certification.