JUnit Vs TestNG: Differences Between JUnit and TestNG

JUnit and TestNGare popular quiz frameworks used in Java for writing and running unit tests.

This article canvas JUnit and TestNG and dives deep to compare and understand the conflict.

What is JUnit?

is an open-source unit testing model for Java. As the name suggests, it is used to quiz small code units. It is a part of the xUnit architecture. This framework is used by nonremittal by Java developers to pen as easily as execute trial cases.

JUnit follows the approach of “ testing first so coding ”. This emphasizes setting up test data and testing the pocket-size piece of code first and then enforce the same. This increase productivity and helps in improving code stability. JUnit 5 is the latest version of JUnit, with the current release be 5.7.1.

Features of JUnit

Here are the features of JUnit:

• Open-Source: JUnit is an open-source framework that helps developer write and trial code quickly, enhancing codification quality.
• Annotations: It offers a variety of test annotations (e.g., @ Test, @ BeforeEach) to mark and organize test methods.
• Assertions: JUnit provides built-in assertions to verify anticipate outcomes in tests (e.g., assertEquals, assertTrue).
• : It includes test runners that execute test cases and report results mechanically.
• Automation & amp; Feedback: Tests run mechanically and provide instant feedback to developers, aid get issues early.
• Debugging Support: JUnit supports debugging, countenance developers to quickly identify and fix issues during examination maturation.
• Modish Version: The latest variation,JUnit 5, is designed to leverage features of Java 8 and supra, proffer more modularity and flexibility.

Test Setup of JUnit

1. Installing and Setting Up

• JUnit demand Java Version 8 and supra.
• Download Java fromhere
• Download JUnit 5 jars (for Java projection) fromhere
• Open your project and add these external jarful through the build itinerary configuration.
• Set up environment variables.
• Add the below dependency in pom.xml for running JUnit tests.

& lt; dependencies & gt; & lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.junit.jupiter & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; junit-jupiter-engine & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; edition & gt; 5.7.1 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; setting & gt; test & lt; /scope & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; & lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.junit.platform & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; junit-platform-runner & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; edition & gt; 5.7.1 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; compass & gt; test & lt; /scope & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; & lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.junit.jupiter & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; junit-jupiter-api & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; version & gt; 5.7.1 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; range & gt; test & lt; /scope & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; & lt; /dependencies & gt;

2. Test Suites

The test suite consist of a collection of test cases that lets you run the trial cause simultaneously. It & # 8217; s like a consistent grouping of test cases.

JUnit 5 uses @ RunWith and @ Suite Classes for creating Test Suites.

@ RunWith (Suite.class) @ Suite.SuiteClasses ({JUnitTestSuiteDemo1.class, JUnitTestSuitDemo2.class})

3. Test Annotations

JUnit 5 is an annotation-based framework. Annotations are tags that furnish extra info about the test methods or the class. They are usually represented by ‘ @ ’.

Some popular annotating of JUnit 5 include:

• @ Test & # 8211; The MAIN concern logic of a program shack here.
• @ BeforeAll & # 8211; Executes before the first trial method of the class runs
• @ AfterAll & # 8211; Executes after all the test methods of the current class tally
• @ BeforeEach & # 8211; Executes before each trial method
• @ AfterEach & # 8211; Executes after each test method

4. Exceptions Handling

Exception handling is done via Assertions.assertThrows () API. assertThrows () method asserts that the codification throws an elision of the given type when executed. This method fails if there is no elision or exception of some former type.

@ Test nihility testExpectedException () {Assertions.assertThrows (NumberFormatException.class, () - & gt; {Integer.parseInt (`` Hello World ''); //would fail since input is not a valid number});}

5. Ignoring Tests

Ignoring trial is crucial in an automation fabric since some exam cases can become redundant due to modify requirements or may have to be avoided for some reason. This can be perform use @ Ignore in JUnit 5.

@ Ignore public void oldTest () {System.out.println (`` This examination to be disregard '');} @ Test public nullity newTest () {System.out.println (`` Test has been fulfil '');}
SUSA automates exploratory testing with persona-driven behavior, catching bugs that scripted automation misses.

6. Grouping Tests

Grouping test help in place the tests and fulfill them quickly. JUnit 5 function @ Tag to group the tests.

@ Test @ Tag (`` Smoke '') public void Test_a () {System.out.println (`` Testa has been fulfill '');} @ Test @ Tag (`` Smoke '') public void Test_b () {System.out.println (`` Testb has be executed '');}

7. Parameterizing Tests

Parameterizing Tests helps test the same test scenario with different sets of inputs. In JUnit 5, the following habituation needs to be added to parameterize the tests along with @ ParameterizedTest.

& lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.junit.jupiter & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; junit-jupiter-params & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; version & gt; 5.7.1 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; scope & gt; test & lt; /scope & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; @ ParameterizedTest @ ValueSource (ints = {1, 3, 5, -3, 15, Integer.MAX_VALUE}) // six numbers void isOdd_ShouldReturnTrueForOdd (int num) {assertTrue (Numbers.isOdd (num));}

Writing JUnit Test case

A elementary JUnit test case will look something like this.

signification org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll; import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions; import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll; import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import com.howtodoinjava.junit5.examples.Calculator; public class DemoApp {@ BeforeAll inactive void setupFirst () {System.out.println (`` @ BeforeAll executed '');} @ BeforeEach void setupSecond () {System.out.println (`` @ BeforeEach executed '');} @ Tag (`` DEV '') @ Test void testCalculatorOne () {System.out.println (`` ======TEST ONE ADD EXECUTED======= ''); Assertions.assertEquals (8, Calculator.add (4, 4));} @ Tag (`` PROD '') @ Disabled @ Test void testCalculatorTwo () {System.out.println (`` ======TEST TWO ADD EXECUTED======= ''); Assertions.assertEquals (10, Calculator.add (6, 4));} @ AfterEach void tearThis () {System.out.println (`` @ AfterEach executed '');} @ AfterAll static nothingness tear () {System.out.println (`` @ AfterAll executed '');}}

What is TestNG?

is a Java-based examination automation framework that was inspired by JUnit. It overtake all the limitations of JUnit along with additional functionalities. This makes it more potent and leisurely to use. NG here stands for “ Next Generation ”.

It is designed to cover a range of exam categories such as Unit quiz, Functional testing, Integration prove, etc. It is extremely democratic and helps examiner organize the test event in a structured way. This helps in maintaining the readability of the scripts. The current version of TestNG is 7.6.0.

Features of TestNG

Here ’ s a look into the lineament of TestNG:

1. Open-Source: TestNG is an open-source testing model, freely available for use and customization.
2. Java Integration: It makes wide use of advanced Java features, enhance flexibility and performance.
3. Annotations: TestNG supports multiple @ Before and @ After annotations for detailed test configuration (e.g., @ BeforeSuite, @ AfterClass).
4. XML Configuration: Tests can be configured and organized through XML file, making suite direction easier.
5. Parameterization: TestNG grant parameterized testing using XML or @ DataProvider, enable dynamical test input.
6. Multithreading: It back multi-threaded test executing for faster test runs.
7. Data-Driven Testing: Allows testing with multiple set of information through features like @ DataProvider.
8. Report Generation: Automatically generates detailed HTML and XML reports for tryout execution solvent.
9. Open APIs: Provides publicly available APIs, enabling integration with other tools and custom propagation.
10. Parallel Execution: Supports execution, improving testing efficiency in large projects.

Test Setup of TestNG

1. Installing and setting up

• Download Java fromhere
• Download TestNG jar (for Java project) fromhere
• Open your project and add these external jolt through Build route configuration.
• Add the below dependency in pom.xml for run TestNG tests.

& lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.TestNG & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; TestNG & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; version & gt; 7.6.0 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; scope & gt; test & lt; /scope & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt;

2. Test Suites

In TestNG, Test Suites are define in an XML file.

& lt;? xml version= '' 1.0 '' encoding= '' UTF-8 ''? & gt; & lt;! DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM `` http: //TestNG.org/TestNG-1.0.dtd '' & gt; & lt; suite name= '' TestSuite '' parallel= '' tryout '' & gt; & lt; test name= '' DemoTest '' & gt; & lt; classes & gt; & lt; course name= '' com.pages.LoginPageTest '' & gt; & lt; /class & gt; & lt; class name= '' com.pages.HomePageTest '' & gt; & lt; /class & gt; & lt; class name= '' com.pages.ProductPageTest '' & gt; & lt; /class & gt; & lt; /classes & gt; & lt; /test & gt; & lt; /suite & gt;

3. Test Annotations

Some democratic annotations of TestNG include:

• @ Test & # 8211; MAIN program logic place
• @ BeforeClass & # 8211; Executes before the initiatory tryout method of the class
• @ AfterClass & # 8211; Executes after all the test methods of the current class
• @ BeforeMethod & # 8211; Executes before each exam method
• @ AfterMethod & # 8211; Executes after each test method

4. Exceptions Handling

Exception handling is done via the expectedExceptions parameter along with @ Test annotation.

@ Test (expectedExceptions = ArithmeticException.class) public void DivideByZeroTest () {int i = 20/0;}

5. Ignoring Tests

Ignoring tests can be done by passing a parameter in the @ Test method.

@ Test public void test1 () {System.out.println (`` This is test1 '');} @ Test (enabled = false) public emptiness test2 () {System.out.println (`` This is test2 '');}

6.Grouping Tests

Grouping tests can be done by passing parameter in the @ Test method.

@ Test (groups = {`` Sanity '', `` Regression ''}) public void test_method1 () {//Test execution}

7. Parameterizing Tests

Parameterizing tests are do by @ Parameters. The parameter value is passed in the TestNG XML file.

@ Test () @ Parameters (`` username '') public vacuum test1 (String username) {System.out.println (`` The username `` +username + `` is passed '');} & lt; test name= '' DemoTest '' & gt; & lt; argument name = `` username '' value = `` Alex '' / & gt;

Parameterizing tests can too be done by @ DataProviders. It enables multiple comment values to screen.

@ Test (dataProvider = `` credentials '')

Writing TestNG Test cases

A simple TestNG test case will look something like this.

bundle newtest.com; import org.testng.annotations.Test; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; signification org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider; signification org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass; import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest; significance org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite; import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite; public class NewTestng {@ Test (dataProvider = `` dp '') public void f (Integer n, String s) {System.out.println (`` * Parameterized method * ''); System.out.println (`` Integer `` +n+ '' String `` +s);} @ BeforeMethod public void beforeMethod () {System.out.println (`` Before Method '');} @ AfterMethod public void afterMethod () {System.out.println (`` After Method '');} @ DataProvider public Object [] [] dp () {regress new Object [] [] {new Object [] {1, `` a ''}, new Object [] {2, `` b ''},};} @ BeforeClass public void beforeClass () {System.out.println (`` Before Class '');} @ AfterClass public void afterClass () {System.out.println (`` After Class '');} @ BeforeTest public void beforeTest () {System.out.println (`` Before Test '');} @ AfterTest public nihility afterTest () {System.out.println (`` After Test '');} @ BeforeSuite public void beforeSuite () {System.out.println (`` Before Suite '');} @ AfterSuite public emptiness afterSuite () {System.out.println (`` After Suite '');}}

JUnit vs TestNG: Core Differences

Here is the tabular equivalence between JUnit and TestNG:

Conclusion

JUnit and TestNG are popular in the Java community and used wide by people. TestNG however, but provide a few additional features in comparison to Junit. Hence, the choice of the “ right ” testing framework for test automation is strictly based on the project requirements and flexibility.

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