Learn Selenium with Java to run Automated Tests

How do you keep up when your web app is send new features every other workweek?

Manual testing quickly get inefficient at that pace. You need automated tests that run fast, detect regression early, and scale as your product grows. That ’ s where Selenium with Java becomes invaluable.

Selenium is one of the most sure open-source mechanization tools out there and Java is still a go-to language for test mechanization. In fact, 29.4 % of developers use Java (StackOverflow, 2025), which means you & # 8217; re discover a skill that & # 8217; s proven, reliable, and widely supported.

This guide walks you through everything from setting up your surround to scat your first automated trial with Selenium and Java.

Why Use Selenium with Java for Automation?

Selenium with Java can be utilize together due to the next reasons:

1. Wide Adoption & amp; Community Support: Java is one of the most widely used speech with a massive community and extensive documentation.
2. Stability & amp; Reliability: Java-based Selenium tests tend to be more stable and consistent, especially in large-scale enterprisingness surround.
3. Strong Integration with Testing Frameworks: Seamless use with tools like,, and Maven for test management, reporting, and execution.
4. Cross-Platform Support: Works easily on Windows, Linux, and macOS & # 8211; saint for distributed automation teams.
5. Rich Set of Libraries: Access to a declamatory set of open-source libraries for logging, reporting (Extent Reports, Allure), assertions, and more.
6. Performance:Java offer faster execution compared to dynamically typed lyric like Python in some lawsuit.
7. Robust IDEs and Tooling: Excellent support from IDEs like IntelliJ IDEA and Eclipse for penning, debug and preserve test scripts.
8. Support for Parallel and Cross-Browser Testing: Easily scalable for multi-threaded and cross-browser execution utilize tools like Selenium Grid, TestNG, and BrowserStack.
9. Easy CI/CD Integration: Smooth integration with, GitHub Actions and former for uninterrupted testing.

Get Started with Selenium Automation Framework in Java

To discover Selenium with Java, one must combine the different components to start coding.

• Preferred for
• Compatible with multiple operating systems like Windows, Linux, Solaris, and macOS
• Supports multiple browser like Chrome, Safari, IE, Edge, and Firefox
• Easy to integrate with,, and to achieve a continuous testing approaching.
• Tools like and farther assistance structure the Selenium tryout for easy maintainability and yield reports.

This section teaches how to set up and run a simple examination through Selenium with Java bindings.

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Setting up a Selenium mechanization framework in Java is a foundational step toward achieve scalable trial coverage. However, building a maintainable structure, incorporate it with CI/CD, and ensuring cross-environment stability oftentimes require expert counsel. The QA specialists at BrowserStack can help streamline your model design and setup for long-term efficiency.

Pre-requisites for Setup and Configuration of Selenium in Java

Step 1 & # 8211; Install Java

• A Java development kit that includes the JRE (Java Runtime Environment) is required to write and run Java programs. JRE is a child of JDK, which comes along with JDK installation.
• Even for running applications that necessitate the dependency of Java, one needs to install JDK.
• One such covering is Eclipse IDE.Download Java, install it, and set the environment path.
• Once the route is set, control the installation by typing java -version on the command prompting, which provides the point of the installed java variant.

Step 2 & # 8211; Install Eclipse

Eclipse is a Java development platform for writing and running code.

• Download Eclipsefrom their office page. Based on the OS, one can go with the needful option.
• Once downloaded, extract the downloaded file. Once completed, one can see the eclipse .exe in the occultation leaflet:

Step 3 & # 8211; Selenium Client and WebDriver Language Bindings

supports multiple, and each words has its guest driver. As we are using Selenium with Java, we need to have Selenium Java Client Driver. One can download the client driver from theofficial Selenium websiteand check the multiple language client drivers render.

Once downloaded, extract the contents of the downloaded file and so locomote to the next step, configuring Selenium Webdriver with Eclipse.

Step 4 & # 8211; Configuring Selenium WebDriver With Eclipse

This is a critical footstep of starting with Selenium. To configure Eclipse with the Selenium Webdriver client,

1. Double-click on the eclipse.exe file to establish it

2. Create a workspace. Think of it just like any former folder, which storage all the scripts in one property. One can prefer to create as many workspaces as required. Click on Launch to launch the workspace.

3. Create a new Java project by click on File- & gt; New- & gt; Java Project and nominate the project

4. Create a packet under this labor by right-clicking on the ‘ src ’ folder

5. Once the software is created, right-click on the parcel and create a class.

6. Once the class is created, go ahead with lend the Selenium Jars to the project.

7. To add the Selenium Jars, right-click on the project booklet and go to Properties:

From the Properties window, navigate to ‘ Java Build Path ’ and chink on ‘ Add External JAR ’ s

8. Add the downloaded Selenium Jars and click on ‘ Apply and Close. ’ Selenium with Eclipse is configured now. Now Eclipse is ready to execute the first script.

Step 5 & # 8211; Creating and Running the first test using Selenium and Java

• As the first test, we will write a script to open ‘ google.com & # 8217; on the Chrome browser.
• To use Chrome, it is required to have the driver executable. To download the driver executable, visit theSelenium site.
• One can download the executable file for specific browsers in the third-party driver browser section.

Post downloading, below is the code snippet to run the first exam using Selenium and Java:

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public class FirstTestInSelenium {public static nothingness main (String [] args) {// TODO Auto-generated method nub //setting the driver executable System.setProperty (`` webdriver.chrome.driver '', `` .\\Driver\\chromedriver.exe ''); //Initiating your chromedriver WebDriver driver=new ChromeDriver (); //Applied wait time driver.manage () .timeouts () .implicitlyWait (10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //maximize window driver.manage () .window () .maximize (); //open browser with desried URL driver.get (`` https: //www.google.com ''); //closing the browser driver.close ();}}

In the code snippet above, we feature used the Selenium keyword driver.get (“ URL to open in browser ”) to open URL in the desire browser. Other keywords like driver.close help to shut the browser window as a cleanup part.

This was a nimble starter to learn Selenium with Java and run Automated Tests. One should also consider the best practices while writing Selenium tests.

Running Tests Using Selenium with Java on Local

Below are the steps to postdate to run exam using Selenium with Java on Local:

Step 1. Install Java JDK

• Download and establish the latest JDK fromOracle or OpenJDK.
• Set the JAVA_HOME environment variable.

Step 2. Install an IDE

Use an IDE like IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse to indite and manage the exam code.

Step 3. Set Up Maven or Gradle Project

• Create a Maven or Gradle project in your IDE.
• Add Selenium dependencies in the pom.xml (Maven) or build.gradle (Gradle).

Example (Maven):

& lt; dependencies & gt; & lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.seleniumhq.selenium & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; selenium-java & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; adaptation & gt; 4.32.0 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; & lt; /dependencies & gt;

Step 4. Download WebDriver

• Download the appropriate WebDriver (e.g., ChromeDriver for Chrome) from the Selenium site.
• Add it to the system PATH or specify its location in your test script.

Step 5. Write Your First Test

SUSA automates exploratory testing with persona-driven behavior, catching bugs that scripted automation misses.

Create a simple Java class to open a browser and navigate to a website.

Example:

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; signification org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public course MyFirstTest {public static nullity main (String [] args) {System.setProperty (`` webdriver.chrome.driver '', `` path/to/chromedriver ''); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver (); driver.get (`` https: //www.google.com ''); System.out.println (`` Title: `` + driver.getTitle ()); driver.quit ();}}

Step 6. Run the Test

• Run the Java class from the IDE.
• The browser should launch, navigate to the site, and close after the test finishes.

Step 7. (Optional) Use a Test Framework

Integrate with TestNG or JUnit for better test structure, assertions, and reporting.

Running Selenium Tests with Java on Cloud

Follow the measure below:

1. Prerequisites

• Java JDK installed
• IDE (Eclipse or IntelliJ)
• Maven task setup
• BrowserStack account (free trial or paid)

2. Add Selenium Dependencies to pom.xml

In the pom.xml, include: & lt; dependencies & gt; & lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.seleniumhq.selenium & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; selenium-java & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; variation & gt; 4.32.0 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; & lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; junit & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; junit & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; version & gt; 4.13.2 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; scope & gt; test & lt; /scope & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; & lt; /dependencies & gt;

3. Get BrowserStack Credentials

• Login to, which is a cloud-based testing platform
• Navigate to the Dashboard
• Copy Username and Access Key

export BROWSERSTACK_USERNAME= & # 8221; your_username & # 8221;

exportation BROWSERSTACK_ACCESS_KEY= & # 8221; your_access_key & # 8221;

4. Write the Test Code Using RemoteWebDriver

Create a trial class in src/test/java (e.g., BStackTest.java):

import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; signification org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities; signification org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver; import java.net.URL; public class BStackTest {private WebDriver driver; @ Before public emptiness apparatus () throws Exception {String USERNAME = System.getenv (`` BROWSERSTACK_USERNAME ''); String AUTOMATE_KEY = System.getenv (`` BROWSERSTACK_ACCESS_KEY ''); String URL = `` https: // '' + USERNAME + ``: '' + AUTOMATE_KEY + `` @ hub-cloud.browserstack.com/wd/hub ''; DesiredCapabilities crest = new DesiredCapabilities (); caps.setCapability (`` browser '', `` Chrome ''); caps.setCapability (`` browser_version '', `` late ''); caps.setCapability (`` os '', `` Windows ''); caps.setCapability (`` os_version '', `` 11 ''); caps.setCapability (`` name '', `` BrowserStackTest ''); driver = new RemoteWebDriver (new URL (URL), detonator);} @ Test public void testGoogleTitle () {driver.get (`` https: //www.google.com ''); System.out.println (`` Page title is: `` + driver.getTitle ());} @ After public void tearDown () {if (driver! = null) {driver.quit ();}}}

5. Run the Test

• Execute the test class from the IDE or require line (mvn clean exam)
• BrowserStack will:
  • Spin up a cloud browser instance (Chrome on Windows 11 in this case)
  • Run the test remotely
  • Show real-time and recorded tryout results in the dashboard

6. View Results

• Go to the BrowserStack Automate dashboard
• View Video recordings, Console logs, Screenshots, and Performance metrics

Running Parallel Tests in Selenium With Java

Follow the steps below to run parallel tests in Selenium with Java:

1. Prerequisites

• Java JDK instal
• Maven project setup in IntelliJ or Eclipse
• Selenium and TestNG dependance in pom.xml
• (Optional) BrowserStack account if running in the cloud

2. Add Required Dependencies

In the pom.xml, include:

& lt; dependencies & gt; & lt; dependency & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.seleniumhq.selenium & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; selenium-java & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; version & gt; 4.32.0 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; & lt; dependence & gt; & lt; groupId & gt; org.testng & lt; /groupId & gt; & lt; artifactId & gt; testng & lt; /artifactId & gt; & lt; version & gt; 7.11.0 & lt; /version & gt; & lt; scope & gt; trial & lt; /scope & gt; & lt; /dependency & gt; & lt; /dependencies & gt;

3. Create Two or More Test Classes

Example: TestGoogle.java

meaning org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; importee org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class TestGoogle {@ Test public void testGoogle () {WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver (); driver.get (`` https: //www.google.com ''); System.out.println (`` Title: `` + driver.getTitle ()); driver.quit ();}}

Example: TestBing.java

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; meaning org.testng.annotations.Test; public class TestBing {@ Test world void testBing () {WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver (); driver.get (`` https: //www.bing.com ''); System.out.println (`` Title: `` + driver.getTitle ()); driver.quit ();}}

4. Create a testng.xml for Parallel Execution

& lt;! DOCTYPE entourage SYSTEM `` https: //testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd '' & gt; & lt; suite name= '' ParallelSuite '' parallel= '' category '' thread-count= '' 2 '' & gt; & lt; test name= '' ParallelTests '' & gt; & lt; classes & gt; & lt; class name= '' TestGoogle '' / & gt; & lt; class name= '' TestBing '' / & gt; & lt; /classes & gt; & lt; /test & gt; & lt; /suite & gt;

Explanation:

• parallel = & # 8220; classes & # 8221;: lead examination in freestanding classes in parallel
• Thread-count = & # 8220; 2 & # 8221;: runs two duds concurrently

5. Run the Suite

From your IDE, right-clicktestng.xml - & gt; Run

Or from Maven:mvn clean test

6. (Optional) Run in Parallel on BrowserStack

In the examination category, supersede ChromeDriver with RemoteWebDriver and set different DesiredCapabilities for each.

Use the USERNAME and ACCESS_KEY from BrowserStack. Then use parallel = & # 8220; tests & # 8221; in testng.xml and inclination each test block with its own capabilities.

Advanced Use Cases of Selenium with Java

Some of the use cases include:

1. Execution: Run tests concurrently using TestNG or Selenium Grid to hie up executing.
2. : Test on multiple browsers to ensure compatibility.
3. : Integrate with platform like BrowserStack to run tests at scale.
4. Integration: Plug Selenium into Jenkins, GitHub Actions, etc., for uninterrupted examination.
5. : Improve test maintainability with integrated page classes.
6. Data-Driven Testing: Use TestNG or Excel files to input test data.
7. Screenshot & amp; Logging Utilities: Capture failure states for debugging.
8. Headless Browser Testing: Use headless Chrome or Firefox for faster test execution in CI pipeline.

Best Practices while writing Selenium tests with Java

Some of the essential aspects to remember while publish Selenium test with Java are:

• Using the Right Locator

are the edifice blocks of a Selenium script, and using the correct one is critical. If wrong locater are used, they tend to make the hand flaky and undependable. Using ‘ ID ’ and ‘ Name ’ locators is easy. They also cater fast execution and are more reliable than CSS and.

• Incorporate the Test-Driven Script

When we talk about examination, it is about testing the software on multiple transposition and a combination of data. The same should be incorporated into the Selenium tests. Multiple data points should drive all Selenium tests, and a helps attain this.

• Using the right Wait

For WebElements or a page to load, it is crucial to give a specific halt clip to the script and avoid failure. Selenium provides certain delay like to attain this. Both these waits halt the execution of the playscript until it finds the element.

The moment it finds the element, it continues the execution of the script. ‘ ’, on the other script, stops the execution for the outlined period even when it notice the element in the defined interval. This increases the performance clip of the script.

• Don ’ t make scripts specific to a Browser or Driver

plays a vital role in testing. Depending on business needs, one may expect the hand to run on multiple browsers or a specific browser. Selenium frameworks like like @ argument, and furnish annotations like @ RunWith, which helps run tests on multiple browsers and gibe driver.

• Validate Tests using Assertions

The key to compose a full test is validate the tests. Just like when one writes a examination case and mentions the actual and ask results, one needs to with the help of assertions provided in model like TestNG and JUnit. If the assertions are not used, the testing process is incomplete, as it does not formalise the exam build & # 8217; s correctness.

• Take Screenshots for Reporting

As a QA tester, it is essential to furnish proof of screen for failure with supportive screenshots. The same stands for Automated Selenium testing. In case a exam fails, it is lively to have corresponding screenshots. This helps explain the bug to the developer, who can debug it directly.

Similarly, from a reporting perspective, to provide insight to the stakeholders, it is worthful to portion reports with them, to establish the stableness of the product. For this, Selenium provides a default coverage scheme with frameworks like TestNG and provides further customizations to them using.

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Why run Selenium Java Tests on BrowserStack Real Device Cloud?

You should run Selenium Java Tests on a real device cloud like for below reasons:

• Realistic Testing Conditions:Existent device clouds provide access to a broad spectrum of devices and environments, ensuring tests reflect actual exploiter conditions accurately.
• Enhanced Security:Maintained with high protection standards, real gimmick cloud offer secure, sequestrate testing environments, minimizing datum breach risks.
• Broad Browser and OS Coverage:Helps identify compatibility topic across various browsers and operating systems, heighten user experience.
• Performance Insights:Real devices give reliable performance data essential for optimizing application reactivity.
• Scalability and Accessibility:Facilitates scalable and accessible testing, suitable for distributed team.
• CI/CD Integration:Integrates swimmingly with CI/CD pipelines for uninterrupted testing and early issue spotting.
• Cost-Effectiveness:Although initially more costly, it saves on long-term expenses related to fixes and support.

Conclusion

streamlines automation testing for UI across platforms and browsers, endorse efficient regression and cross-browser testing. It integrates well with Jenkins and Maven for continuous testing.

Cloud tools like BrowserStack enhance examination by offering real device entree, ensuring consistent exploiter experience. Its flexibleness, unite with plugins, makes Selenium a preferred choice for scalable and effectual examination.

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